The key difference between the anterior (front) and posterior (back) approaches lies in how the surgeon accesses the hip joint. The posterior approach is the traditional method, involving a cut through the muscles at the back of the hip. It is highly proven and versatile for complex cases. However, because muscles are detached, recovery can involve more initial pain and stricter precautions (like avoiding bending the hip beyond 90 degrees) for about 6-8 weeks to prevent dislocation. The anterior approach is often called "muscle-sparing" because the surgeon works between, rather than cutting, the major muscle groups. This typically results in less immediate post-operative pain, a faster initial recovery, and fewer hip dislocation restrictions after surgery.
In terms of scarring, the anterior approach usually leaves a scar on the front of the thigh, while the posterior leaves one on the buttock side. Both are of similar length. While the anterior approach offers a quicker functional return in the early weeks, it is technically demanding for the surgeon and requires special equipment. Importantly, long-term outcomes at one year and beyond are excellent and virtually identical for both approaches; the primary difference is in the early recovery experience.
For recommendations, seek a Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon who specialises in hip surgery and performs a high volume of joint replacements. You can ask your GP for a referral to a specialist centre or look for surgeons affiliated with major orthopaedic hospitals or private groups like The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital (RNOH), Fortius Clinic, Nuffield Health, or Spire Healthcare. Many of the top surgeons are proficient in both techniques and will recommend the best approach for your father's specific anatomy and condition. A surgeon's extensive experience is more critical to a successful outcome than the specific approach used.