High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a chronic medical condition where the force of blood against artery walls is consistently too high. It is often called the "silent killer" because it typically presents with no noticeable symptoms until significant damage has been done to the heart, kidneys, or brain, making regular monitoring essential. First-line treatment almost always involves lifestyle modifications, such as a low-sodium diet, regular exercise, and weight management. When these are insufficient, a wide range of medications are used, including ACE inhibitors, ARBs, diuretics, and calcium channel blockers, often in combination. There is no common "surgery for high blood pressure" itself; however, if hypertension is caused by a specific, treatable condition like a adrenal gland tumor or renal artery stenosis, a procedure or surgery to correct that underlying cause may be performed. The financial expenses are ongoing, encompassing the costs of regular doctor's appointments, home blood pressure monitors, and lifelong prescriptions, as well as the significant potential future costs of treating complications like heart attack, stroke, or kidney failure if the condition is poorly controlled.