Hernias occur when an organ or fatty tissue squeezes through a weak spot in a surrounding muscle, most commonly appearing as a noticeable bulge in the abdomen or groin, often accompanied by pain or discomfort, especially when lifting, coughing, or straining. While diagnosis is often straightforward through physical exam, surgery is the only definitive treatment to correct the defect and prevent serious complications like strangulation. Surgeons typically choose between traditional open repair, which uses a larger incision and often involves placing a mesh for reinforcement, and laparoscopic (minimally invasive) repair, which uses several small incisions and a camera, leading to less post-operative pain and a faster recovery. Hospital care can range from outpatient (going home the same day) for simple laparoscopic procedures to a short stay for more complex open surgeries. Financially, the costs vary significantly based on the surgery type, the hospital's pricing, anesthesia fees, and the use of surgical mesh, making it essential to discuss these details with your surgeon and insurance provider beforehand.