The impact of smallpox on children was particularly devastating, as they often experienced more severe forms of the disease and faced higher mortality rates. The characteristic rash and high fever were especially dangerous for young patients, who struggled to stay hydrated and were more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections like pneumonia. Treatment challenges were significant; there were no antivirals, so care was limited to isolating the child and providing comfort through fever reduction and skin care, all while trying to prevent them from scratching and worsening their scars. Furthermore, children faced unique long-term consequences, including widespread pockmark scarring that could lead to social stigma, and in severe cases, corneal scarring that resulted in permanent blindness. The psychological trauma of the illness and isolation, combined with these physical scars, profoundly affected their lives long after the active infection had passed.