Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition where the body doesn’t use insulin properly, causing high blood sugar levels. Long-term effects may include damage to the heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves, and blood vessels, increasing risks of heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and vision loss. Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow wound healing, but some signs can be subtle. Treatment options range from lifestyle changes—healthy diet, exercise, weight management—to oral medications and insulin therapy in advanced cases. Expert care from endocrinologists at specialized diabetes centers or major hospitals is recommended. Management costs vary but include regular doctor visits, medications, glucose monitoring, and potential hospital care. Key lifestyle guidance involves balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, glucose monitoring, stress reduction, and avoiding tobacco. Effective management helps prevent complications and improve quality of life.