Long-Term Risks of Untreated Scarlet Fever

drjoseph

We hear about rheumatic fever and kidney problems. Can someone explain what these are, how they happen, and how likely they are in the modern age with access to antibiotics?

dranil

Rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal kidney problems are rare complications of untreated strep infections. Rheumatic fever can cause inflammation in the heart, joints, and other organs, sometimes leading to long-term heart damage, while kidney problems result from immune reactions affecting kidney function. Today, with prompt use of antibiotics, these complications are uncommon, though they can still occur if infections are missed or untreated.

drjohn

Rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal kidney problems (like acute glomerulonephritis) are rare complications of untreated or inadequately treated strep infections. Rheumatic fever occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the heart, joints, or nervous system after a strep infection, potentially causing heart valve damage. Kidney problems happen when the immune response affects the glomeruli, leading to swelling, blood in urine, and high blood pressure. With prompt diagnosis and a full course of antibiotics, these complications are very uncommon today, especially in countries with easy access to healthcare. Completing treatment and monitoring for lingering symptoms makes the risk extremely low.