Paratyphoid fever is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serotypes Paratyphi A, B, or C. It is closely related to typhoid fever but is generally milder in severity. The infection primarily affects the intestinal tract and bloodstream, leading to symptoms such as prolonged fever, headache, weakness, loss of appetite, abdominal discomfort, and sometimes a rose-colored rash. The most common way people contract paratyphoid fever is through the ingestion of food or water contaminated with feces or urine from an infected person. This contamination usually occurs in areas where sanitation and hygiene standards are poor, and where access to clean water is limited. Consuming raw fruits and vegetables washed with contaminated water, eating street food prepared under unhygienic conditions, or drinking untreated water are frequent causes. Direct person-to-person transmission is rare but can occur if proper handwashing is not practiced, especially after using the toilet or before handling food. Therefore, prevention largely depends on maintaining good personal hygiene, ensuring safe food and water consumption, and improving sanitation facilities in communities.