An Infectious Disease specialist is usually involved in the treatment of paratyphoid fever when the illness becomes complicated, severe, or unresponsive to standard antibiotics. While most mild or moderate cases can be managed by a general physician, referral to an infectious disease expert is important when drug-resistant strains are suspected or confirmed, as they can recommend advanced antibiotic combinations based on culture and sensitivity results. Specialists are also needed if the patient develops serious complications such as sepsis, intestinal perforation, or prolonged fever despite treatment. Additionally, patients with weakened immune systems, underlying conditions like liver or kidney disease, or those who have relapsed after recovery benefit from specialized care. In summary, an infectious disease specialist is called in mainly for complex, drug-resistant, or high-risk cases, ensuring the most effective and safe treatment approach.